Implementing pedestrian safety interventions Attachment C <br />Attachment B <br />effective approach would be substantial infrastructure changes such as the provision <br />of sidewalks and speed management strategies. Engineering-related measures may be <br />more expensive and may raise more resistance than behaviour change strategies, but <br />these types of measures are essential to a balanced Safe System approach. <br />10 Changes in behaviour can also be achieved through land-use planning <br />and road design strategies, not only through the 'traditional' approaches <br />of enforcement and education. <br />Few jurisdictions in any country have adequate resources and/or political will <br />to implement all, or even most, of the pedestrian safety measures presented in <br />Table 4.1. A jurisdiction may choose to begin with a single strategy or measure while <br />mobilizing resources and political will to implement complementary measures. This <br />is not problematic as long as the responsible agency and/or the action plan take a <br />broader and long-term view that incorporates other measures. <br />Integrate pedestrian safety as an essential feature of roadway design and land- <br />use planning <br />A Safe Systems approach to pedestrian safety prevents the development of risky <br />roadway environments rather than relying exclusively on interventions to reduce risk <br />in the existing built environment (see Module i). When decision-makers, engineers <br />and planners routinely consider pedestrian safety as part of roadway design and land- <br />use planning, pedestrian safety is built into the transport system. <br />Many strategies that benefit pedestrian safety have been found to benefit other road <br />users as well. Examples include (4,5): <br />. Raised medians on multi-lane roads reduce pedestrian crashes and also head-on <br />vehicle collisions. <br />. Changing four- and five-lane to three-lane roads reduces pedestrian crashes and <br />total roadway crashes. <br />. Paved shoulders can reduce `walking along the road' pedestrian crashes, as well as <br />`run-off-road' and fixed object crashes involving motor vehicles. <br />. Providing separate phasing at signalized intersections for left-turning vehicles' <br />reduces left-turn vehicle crashes involving pedestrians, and left-turn crashes <br />involving vehicles going straight. <br />Applies where vehicles drive on the right side of the road. Where vehicles drive on the left, this applies to right- <br />turning vehicles. <br />66 <br />Page 212 <br />