ra safely interventions and preparing a plan o ~1lon Attachment C <br />Attachment B <br />3.3.2 Core components of an action plan <br />Strong plans of action have several components in common: <br />A well-defined problem <br />The main purpose of the situational assessment is to provide a comprehensive picture <br />of the local pedestrian traffic injury situation. Without this assessment, the plan of <br />action may not be focused on the most important issues and solutions. <br />Clear objectives <br />The action plan may be comprehensive, addressing a wide range of risk factors, or <br />it may start with a more focused approach, covering a few very specific objectives. <br />The experience of cities such as Curitiba, Brazil, and Copenhagen, Denmark, shows <br />that even action plans with only a few goals, such as creating a pedestrian street <br />or implementing speed control measures on a busy street, can yield significant <br />results (14). Plans can be expanded over time to include other issues if resources and <br />political commitment permit. <br />General principles to consider in defining objectives include: <br />. Objectives should be clear and specify a measurable outcome in a defined time <br />period. Keep the objectives SMART: specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and <br />time-bound. <br />. Objectives should be evidence-informed, deriving from the situational assessment <br />as well as available literature. <br />Objectives should include pedestrian fatality and injury reductions and also <br />reductions in other risks that may result from improving conditions for walking. <br />Changing attitudes of the public towards the rights of pedestrians and the need <br />to protect their safety, and incorporating pedestrian safety into decision-making <br />processes should also be considered. <br />Both short-term and medium- to long-term objectives are desirable. <br />Realistic targets <br />Targets specify the improvements expected within a certain time period, and <br />setting targets has been shown to strengthen commitment to improve road <br />safety (rs). Targets provide a benchmark to monitor ongoing progress in achieving <br />objectives. They enable better use of resources and better management of road safety <br />programmes by providing an opportunity to adjust activities along the way and <br />therefore increase the likelihood of achieving specified objectives (zs,z6). <br />Targets can be set based on the objectives of the plan and/or the historical experience <br />of results achieved during the implementation of pedestrian safety measures. General <br />principles to consider in setting targets include the following: <br />. Set specific and realistic targets. <br />. Set quantified targets as much as possible. <br />56 <br />Page 202 <br />