Attach <br />Pedestrian safety: a road safety manual for decision-makers and practitioners <br />Attach <br />What is the current enforcement of traffic regulations ? <br />A number of interventions that are known to reduce pedestrian injuries and deaths <br />depend on effective enforcement of the traffic rules and regulations (see also <br />Module 4). Driver violations include speeding, alcohol-impaired driving, mobile <br />phone use while driving, and traffic signal violations (such as failing to stop at a <br />red light). Pedestrian violations include crossing against the signal or outside of <br />designated crossing points, alcohol impairment and distracted walking. Both driver <br />and pedestrian compliance with traffic laws is critical to pedestrian safety, and <br />effective law enforcement is a key aspect of ensuring compliance. <br />A situational assessment should gather information on both traffic law compliance <br />and traffic law enforcement. The assessment needs to gather information on: <br />. pedestrian understanding and compliance with traffic control devices; <br />motorist behaviour at pedestrian crossings, for example, do they yield if required <br />by law to do so? <br />. motorist compliance with speed limits; <br />. driver compliance with drink-driving laws; and <br />law enforcement methods and their effectiveness, for example, speed radars, <br />random breath testing and/or sobriety checkpoints, ticketing, fines and licence <br />suspension. <br />Information on levels of enforcement and compliance of pedestrians, motorists <br />and cyclists with traffic regulations (e.g. speeding, alcohol-impaired driving) can be <br />gathered by the following methods: <br />. Review police statistics on pedestrian safety regulation violations. <br />. Review court records for violations of pedestrian safety regulations, noting the <br />types and number of violations and fines or other punishments issued. <br />. Review media reports and public complaints about enforcement and compliance <br />with pedestrian safety regulations. <br />. Review reports, studies and even conduct surveys or interviews to identify types of <br />traffic law enforcement strategies in use in the setting under consideration. <br />. Conduct observational studies and surveys on compliance with pedestrian safety <br />regulations. <br />. Review existing studies on enforcement and compliance with pedestrian safety <br />regulations. <br />3.2.3 Assessing the policy environment and existing initiatives on <br />pedestrian safety <br />The first two components of the situational assessment (Sections 3.2.1 and 3.2.2) <br />provide information about the magnitude and patterns of pedestrian traffic <br />injury in the area under assessment, as well as an understanding of the key risk <br />factors involved. This information naturally leads to ideas for interventions. To <br />avoid duplication of efforts and to maximize impact, it is important to take stock <br />51 <br />C <br />B <br />