Pedestrian safety: a road safety manual for decision-makers and practitioners <br />Attach <br />P FP s Q_b- FY requires that road design and land-use planning include <br />safe, accessible and comprehensive facilities prioritizing the needs of pedestrians. <br />This module examines the ways in which the design of roadways and the entire built <br />environment can either prevent pedestrian traffic injuries or magnify pedestrian risk. <br />The sections in this module are structured as follows: <br />2.1 How roadway design contributes to pedestrian injury: This section discusses <br />how inadequate consideration of pedestrian safety needs in roadway design can <br />contribute to pedestrian traffic injury and provides examples of design features that <br />improve pedestrian safety. <br />2.2 How land-use planning contributes to pedestrian injury: This section <br />discusses how land-use planning can contribute to pedestrian traffic injury and <br />presents land-use plans that can reduce dangers to pedestrians. <br />2.3 Policy and planning reforms that support pedestrian safety: This section <br />summarizes policy and planning approaches that improve pedestrian safety. <br />2.1 How roadway design contributes to pedestrian injury <br />Roadway design has generally catered for the needs of motorized traffic, neglecting <br />the needs of pedestrians (1-3). Roadway designs in which facilities such as sidewalks <br />and signalized crossings are missing, inadequate or in poor condition create risk <br />for pedestrians (4-6). The provision of arterial roadways, intersections and fast- <br />speed lanes without adequate attention to pedestrian facilities results in increased <br />likelihood that pedestrians will be killed or injured when walking alongside or <br />crossing the road (7-9). An assessment conducted in New Delhi showed that <br />footpaths are either non-existent or poorly maintained (zo). This study also revealed <br />that road network designs did not include approaches on roads to bus shelters, bus <br />priority lanes, continuous pedestrian paths, or lanes for slow vehicles like bicycles <br />and rickshaws. There has been a recent effort to improve roadway design to cater for <br />the safety needs of pedestrians in New Delhi (see Box z.i). <br />An assessment of roads in low- and middle-income countries in Asia, <br />Africa, Eastern Europe and Latin America revealed that 84% of the roads <br />surveyed had no pedestrian footpaths though they carried motor vehicle traffic <br />moving at 40km/h or more (11). <br />27 <br />C <br />B <br />72 <br />